Ndonga dialect

Ndonga
ndonga
Native to Namibia and southern Angola
Region Ovamboland
Native speakers
 810,000 (2006)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-1 ng
ISO 639-2 ndo
ISO 639-3 ndo
Glottolog ndon1254[2]
R.22[3]
Linguasphere 99-AUR-lc

Ndonga, also called Oshindonga, is a Bantu language spoken in Namibia and parts of Angola. It is a standardized dialect of the Ovambo language, and is mutually intelligible with Kwanyama, the other Ovambo dialect with a standard written form. With 281,500 speakers, the language has the largest number of speakers in Namibia.

Martti Rautanen translated the Bible into the Ndonga standard.[4]

Phonology

Vowels

Oshindonga uses a five-vowel system:

Front Back
Close iu
Mid eo
Open a

Consonants

Oshindonga contains the following consonant phonemes:

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal voiceless m̥ n̥ ŋ̊
voiced m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d g
Fricative voiceless f s ʃ x h
voiced v z ʒ ɣ
Approximant central w ð j
lateral l

Oshindonga also contains many consonant compounds, listed below:

References

  1. ↑ Ndonga at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Ndonga". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. ↑ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
  4. ↑ "Namiweb.com". Namibweb.com. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
Ndonga dialect test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator


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