1986 in spaceflight

1986 in spaceflight
National firsts
Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrates during the launch of STS-51-L, killing seven astronauts
Satellite	Sweden
Rockets
Maiden flights	Ariane 2
Retirements	Ariane 1 Space Shuttle Challenger
Manned flights
Orbital	2
Total travellers	9

Launches

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Date and time (UTC)	Rocket		Launch site		LSP
	Payload	Operator	Orbit	Function	Decay (UTC)	Outcome
	Remarks

12 January 11:55	Space Shuttle Columbia		Kennedy LC-39A		United Space Alliance
	STS-61-C	NASA	Low Earth	Satellite deployment	18 January 13:58	Successful
	Satcom K1	RCA Americom	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful
	MSL-2	NASA	Low Earth (Columbia)	Microgravity experiments	18 January 13:58	Successful
	Getaway Special Bridge	NASA	Low Earth (Columbia)	Getaway Special carrier	18 January 13:58	Successful
	Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts; Maiden flight of the Getaway Special Bridge
28 January 16:38	Space Shuttle Challenger		Kennedy LC-39B		United Space Alliance
	STS-51-L	NASA	Intended: Low Earth	Satellite deployment	+ 73 seconds	Launch failure
	TDRS-B	NASA	Intended: Geosynchronous	Communications
	SPARTAN 203	NASA	Intended: Low Earth	Examine Halley's Comet
	Space Shuttle Challenger disaster; Vehicle disintegrated at + 73 seconds from an O-ring failure in the right SRB. All seven astronauts were killed, including Christa McAuliffe, the intended first Teacher in Space. First Shuttle launch from LC-39B.

9 February 10:06	Atlas H		Vandenberg SLC-3E
	USA-15 (NOSS-8)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
	USA-16 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
	USA-17 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
	USA-18 (NOSS)	US Navy	Low Earth	SIGINT	In orbit	Successful
19 February 21:28	Proton-K		Baikonur Site 200/39
	DOS-7 (Mir Core)		Low Earth (Mir)	Space station	23 March 2001 05:07	Successful
	Core module of the Mir space station
22 February 01:44	Ariane 1		Kourou ELA		Arianespace
	SPOT 1	CNES	Sun-synchronous	Earth observation	In orbit	Successful
	Viking	SSC	Sun-synchronous	Plasma research	In orbit	Successful
	Final flight of Ariane 1 SPOT 1 retired on 31 December 1990 and orbit was lowered to a disposal orbit in 2003 Viking is the first Swedish satellite, and operations concluded on 12 May 1987

13 March 12:33	Soyuz-U2		Baikonur Site 1/5
	Soyuz T-15		Low Earth (Salyut 7 and Mir)	Salyut 7 EO-5 Mir EO-1	16 July 12:34	Successful
	Manned orbital flight with two cosmonauts; Final manned spaceflight to Salyut 7 and the first to Mir. Final flight of the Soyuz-T spacecraft. Only spacecraft to dock with two space stations during one flight.
19 March 10:08	Soyuz-U2		Baikonur Site 1/5
19 March 10:08	Progress 25		Low Earth (Mir)	Logistics	21 April 00:48	Successful
28 March 23:30	Ariane 3		Kourou ELA		Arianespace
	GStar 2	GTE Spacenet	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful
	Brasilsat-A2	Embratel	Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful
	Brasilsat-A2 was retired on 6 March 2004 and moved 200 kilometres (120 mi) higher to a graveyard orbit

18 April 17:45	Titan 34D		Vandenberg SLC-4E
	KH-9-20	NRO	Intended: Sun-synchronous	Reconnaissance	+ 8.5 seconds	Launch Failure
	SSF-D-6	NRO	Intended: Sun-synchronous	ELINT	+ 8.5 seconds	Launch Failure
	SRM burnthrough, exploded 8.5 seconds after launch Final flight of the KH-9 spacecraft
23 April 19:40	Soyuz-U2		Baikonur Site 1/5
23 April 19:40	Progress 26		Low Earth (Mir)	Logistics	23 June 18:41	Successful

3 May 22:18	Delta 3914		Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17A		McDonnell Douglas
	GOES-G	NOAA, NASA	Geostationary	Weather satellite	3 May	Launch Failure
	Rocket destroyed 71 sec. after liftoff due to engine shutdown; First launch from CCAFS after Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
21 May 08:21	Soyuz-U2		Baikonur Site 1/5
	Soyuz TM-1		Low Earth (Mir)	Test flight	30 May 04:26	Successful
	Maiden flight of Soyuz-TM spacecraft; Unmanned test flight
31 May 00:53	Ariane 2		Kourou ELA		Arianespace
	Intelsat 514	Intelsat	Intended: Geosynchronous	Communications	31 May	Launch Failure
	Maiden flight of Ariane 2; Third stage failed to ignite

28 August 08:02	Molniya-M/2BL		Plesetsk Site 16/2
28 August 08:02	Kosmos 1774 (Oko)		Molniya	Missile defence	2 November 2010 15:14^[1]	Successful

17 September 15:52	Atlas E/Star-37S-ISS		Vandenberg SLC-3W
17 September 15:52	NOAA-10 (NOAA-G)	NOAA	Sun-synchronous	Meteorology	In orbit	Successful

14 November 00:23	Scout G-1		Vandenberg SLC-5		US Air Force
14 November 00:23	Polar BEAR P87-1	US Air Force/STP	Low Earth (Polar)		In orbit	Successful

5 December 02:30	Atlas G		Cape Canaveral LC-36B
5 December 02:30	USA-20 (FLTSATCOM 7)	US Navy	Geosynchronous	Communications	In orbit	Successful

Deep space rendezvous

Date (GMT)	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
24 January	Voyager 2	Flyby of Uranus	Closest approach: 71,000 kilometres (44,000 mi)
6 March	Vega 1	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 8,890 kilometres (5,520 mi)
8 March	Suisei	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 151,000 kilometres (94,000 mi)
9 March	Vega 2	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 8,030 kilometres (4,990 mi)
11 March	Sakigake	Distant flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 6,990,000 kilometres (4,340,000 mi)
14 March	Giotto	Flyby of Halley's Comet	Closest approach: 595 kilometres (370 mi)

EVAs

Start date/time	Duration	End time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks
28 May 05:43	3 hours 50 minutes	09:33	Salyut 7 EO-5	Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov	Retrieved test panels from the outside of Salyut 7 and assembled a test "girder-constructor" apparatus in preparation for work on Mir.
31 May 04:57	5 hours	09:57	Salyut 7 EO-5	Leonid Kizim Vladimir Solovyov	Conducted additional tests on the experimental construction equipment, including the welding of several girders joints.

References

Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
"NASASpaceFlight.com".
"Spaceflight Now".
"Space Information Center". JAXA.
"Space Calendar". NASA JPL.
"ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
"Launch Forecast". Space.com.
Clark, Stephen. "Launch Schedule". Spaceflight Now.
"U.S. Space Objects Registry".
"Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. Cosmoworld.ru (in Russian).

Generic references:

Footnotes

↑ http://reentrynews.aero.org/1986065a.html

Timeline of spaceflight
1940s					1944	1945	1946	1947	1948	1949
1950s	1950	1951	1952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959
1960s	1960	1961	1962	1963	1964	1965	1966	1967	1968	1969
1970s	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979
1980s	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989
1990s	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999
2000s	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
2010s	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019

← 1985 · Orbital launches in 1986 · 1987 →

Kosmos 1715 \| Kosmos 1716 · Kosmos 1717 · Kosmos 1718 · Kosmos 1719 · Kosmos 1720 · Kosmos 1721 · Kosmos 1722 · Kosmos 1723 \| STS-61-C (Satcom K1) \| Kosmos 1724 \| Kosmos 1725 \| Kosmos 1726 \| Gran' No.29L \| Kosmos 1727 \| Kosmos 1728 \| STS-51-L (TDRS-B · SPARTAN-203) \| Shiyong Tongbu Tongxin Weixing 1 \| Kosmos 1729 \| Kosmos 1730 \| Kosmos 1731 \| USA-15 · USA-16 · USA-17 · USA-18 \| Kosmos 1732 \| Yuri 2b \| Mir / Core \| Kosmos 1733 \| SPOT-1 · Viking \| Kosmos 1734 \| Kosmos 1735 \| Soyuz T-15 \| Progress 25 \| Kosmos 1736 \| Kosmos 1737 \| Unnamed \| GStar-2 · Brasilsat A2 \| Kosmos 1738 \| Kosmos 1739 \| Kosmos 1740 \| Kosmos 1741 \| KH-9 No.1220 · Pearl Ruby \| Molniya-3 No.43 \| Progress 26 \| GOES-G \| Kosmos 1742 \| Kosmos 1743 \| Soyuz TM-1 \| Kosmos 1744 \| Kosmos 1745 \| Ekran No.30L \| Meteor-2 No.18 \| Kosmos 1746 \| Kosmos 1747 \| Intelsat VA F-14 \| Kosmos 1748 · Kosmos 1749 · Kosmos 1750 · Kosmos 1751 · Kosmos 1752 · Kosmos 1753 · Kosmos 1754 · Kosmos 1755 \| Kosmos 1756 \| Gorizont No.24L \| Kosmos 1757 \| Kosmos 1758 \| Kosmos 1759 \| Kosmos 1760 \| Molniya-3 No.44 \| Kosmos 1761 \| Kosmos 1762 \| Kosmos 1763 \| Kosmos 1764 \| Kosmos 1765 \| Kosmos 1766 \| Kosmos 1767 \| Molniya-1 No.59 \| Kosmos 1768 \| Kosmos 1769 \| Kosmos 1770 \| Ajisai · Fuji 1a · Jindai \| Kosmos 1771 \| Kosmos 1772 \| Kosmos 1773 \| Kosmos 1774 \| Kosmos 1775 \| Kosmos 1776 \| Molniya-1 No.57 \| USA-19 \| Kosmos 1777 \| Kosmos 1778 · Kosmos 1779 · Kosmos 1780 \| Kosmos 1781 \| NOAA-10 \| Kosmos 1782 \| Kosmos 1783 \| Fanhui Shi Weixing 9 \| Kosmos 1784 \| Unnamed \| Kosmos 1785 \| Molniya-3 No.41 \| Kosmos 1786 \| Kosmos 1787 \| Gran' No.30L \| Kosmos 1788 \| Kosmos 1789 \| Kosmos 1790 \| Kosmos 1791 \| Kosmos 1792 \| Polar Bear \| Molniya-1 No.60 \| Gorizont No.22L \| Kosmos 1793 \| Kosmos 1794 · Kosmos 1795 · Kosmos 1796 · Kosmos 1797 · Kosmos 1798 · Kosmos 1799 · Kosmos 1800 · Kosmos 1801 \| Kosmos 1802 \| Mech-K No.303 \| Kosmos 1803 \| Kosmos 1804 \| USA-20 \| Kosmos 1805 \| Kosmos 1806 \| Kosmos 1807 \| Kosmos 1808 \| Kosmos 1809 \| Kosmos 1810 \| Molniya-1 No.62

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( \| ). Manned flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

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